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21.
Dalton Luiz Schiessel Ricardo K. Yamazaki Marcelo Kryczyk Isabela Coelho de Castro Adriana A. Yamaguchi Danielle C. T. Pequito 《Nutrition and cancer》2016,68(8):1369-1380
Objective: Polyunsaturated fatty acids n-3 (PUFA n-3) have shown effects in reducing tumor growth, in particular eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) abundantly present in fish oil (FO). When these fatty acids are provided in the diet, they alter the functions of the cells, particularly in tumor and immune cells. However, the effects of α-linolenic fatty acid (ALA), which is the precursor of EPA and DHA, are controversial. Thus, our objective was to test the effect of this parental fatty acid. Methods: Non-tumor-bearing and tumor-bearing Wistar rats (70 days) were supplemented with 1 g/kg body weight of FO or Oro Inca® (OI) oil (rich in ALA). Immune cells function, proliferation, cytokine production, and subpopulation profile were evaluated. Results: We have shown that innate immune cells enhanced phagocytosis capacity, and increased processing and elimination of antigens. Moreover, there was a decrease in production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)) by macrophages. Lymphocytes showed decreased proliferation capacity, increased cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8+) subpopulation, and increased TNF-α production. Conclusions: Oil rich in ALA caused similar immune modulation in cancer when compared with FO. 相似文献
22.
Pierre Tiberghien Xavier de Lamballerie Pascal Morel Pierre Gallian Karine Lacombe Yazdan Yazdanpanah 《Vox sanguinis》2020,115(6):488-494
Plasma provided by COVID-19 convalescent patients may provide therapeutic relief as the number of COVID-19 cases escalates steeply worldwide. Prior findings in various viral respiratory diseases including SARS-CoV-related pneumonia suggest that convalescent plasma can reduce mortality, although formal proof of efficacy is still lacking. By reducing viral spread early on, such an approach may possibly downplay subsequent immunopathology. Identifying, collecting, qualifying and preparing plasma from convalescent patients with adequate SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing Ab titres in an acute crisis setting may be challenging, although well within the remit of most blood establishments. Careful clinical evaluation should allow to quickly establish whether such passive immunotherapy, administered at early phases of the disease in patients at high risk of deleterious evolution, may reduce the frequency of patient deterioration, and thereby COVID-19 mortality. 相似文献
23.
Aleks Stolicyn Mathew A. Harris Xueyi Shen Miruna C. Barbu Mark J. Adams Emma L. Hawkins Laura de Nooij Hon Wah Yeung Alison D. Murray Stephen M. Lawrie J. Douglas Steele Andrew M. McIntosh Heather C. Whalley 《Human brain mapping》2020,41(14):3922-3937
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been the subject of many neuroimaging case–control classification studies. Although some studies report accuracies ≥80%, most have investigated relatively small samples of clinically‐ascertained, currently symptomatic cases, and did not attempt replication in larger samples. We here first aimed to replicate previously reported classification accuracies in a small, well‐phenotyped community‐based group of current MDD cases with clinical interview‐based diagnoses (from STratifying Resilience and Depression Longitudinally cohort, ‘STRADL’). We performed a set of exploratory predictive classification analyses with measures related to brain morphometry and white matter integrity. We applied three classifier types—SVM, penalised logistic regression or decision tree—either with or without optimisation, and with or without feature selection. We then determined whether similar accuracies could be replicated in a larger independent population‐based sample with self‐reported current depression (UK Biobank cohort). Additional analyses extended to lifetime MDD diagnoses—remitted MDD in STRADL, and lifetime‐experienced MDD in UK Biobank. The highest cross‐validation accuracy (75%) was achieved in the initial current MDD sample with a decision tree classifier and cortical surface area features. The most frequently selected decision tree split variables included surface areas of bilateral caudal anterior cingulate, left lingual gyrus, left superior frontal, right precentral and paracentral regions. High accuracy was not achieved in the larger samples with self‐reported current depression (53.73%), with remitted MDD (57.48%), or with lifetime‐experienced MDD (52.68–60.29%). Our results indicate that high predictive classification accuracies may not immediately translate to larger samples with broader criteria for depression, and may not be robust across different classification approaches. 相似文献
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R.D. Olmos R.C. de Figueiredo E.M. Aquino P.A. Lotufo I.M. Bensenor 《Brazilian journal of medical and biological research》2015,48(8):751-758
Thyroid diseases are common, and use of levothyroxine is increasing worldwide. We
investigated the influence of gender, race and socioeconomic status on the diagnosis
and treatment of thyroid disorders using data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study
of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a multicenter cohort study of civil servants (35-74
years of age) from six Brazilian cities. Diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction was by
thyrotropin (TSH), and free thyroxine (FT4) if TSH was altered, and the use of
specific medications. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed using
overt hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism and levothyroxine use as dependent variables and
sociodemographic characteristics as independent variables. The frequencies of overt
hyper- and hypothyroidism were 0.7 and 7.4%, respectively. Using whites as the
reference ethnicity, brown, and black race were protective for overt hypothyroidism
(OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.64-0.89, and OR=0.53, 95%CI=0.43-0.67, respectively, and black race
was associated with overt hyperthyroidism (OR=1.82, 95%CI=1.06-3.11). Frequency of
hypothyroidism treatment was higher in women, browns, highly educated participants
and those with high net family incomes. After multivariate adjustment, levothyroxine
use was associated with female gender (OR=6.06, 95%CI=3.19-11.49) and high net family
income (OR=3.23, 95%CI=1.02-10.23). Frequency of hyperthyroidism treatment was higher
in older than in younger individuals. Sociodemographic factors strongly influenced
the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disorders, including the use of
levothyroxine. 相似文献